TOEIC learning progress 5 是我多益準備學習過程的第5篇文章，前4篇文章紀錄如下：
- TOEIC learning progress 1
- TOEIC learning progress 2
- TOEIC learning progress 3
- TOEIC learning progress 4 -描述死亡的用法
本篇會著重在How to describe money in English
How to describe money in English
通用
money (n.)[u]
- How much money do you have?
- Money is not everything.
- 搭配的動詞：get, make, earn
- Put your money where your mouth is. 別說大話，實際付出行動。
- If you really want to help homeless people, you should put your money where your mouth is instead of talking about it all the time.
- Money doesn’t grow on trees. 錢得來不易。
- We worked really hard to live a comfortable life – Money doesn’t grow on trees!
- Pots of money. 很有錢。
- Bill Gates has pots of money and is still the richest man in the world.
- First pot of gold. 第一桶金。
- She got her first pot of gold when she was 25, and bought a car.
- Throw money around.亂花錢 “Throw something around” 原本是指把東西亂丟。
- Owen parties every week, obviously, he has plenty of money to throw around.
- Spend money like water. 花錢如流水。
- Nancy spends money like water. She never wears clothes that are out of season.
- Easy money. 輕鬆的差事。
- Many people think modeling is easy money, but it actually requires a lot of hard work and luck.
- Money talks. 有錢能使鬼推磨。
- He didn’t receive any punishment after cheating. Well, I guess money talks.
currency (n.)[c or u] 貨幣
the money that is used in a particular country at a particular time
- foreign currency
- Take some foreign currency to cover incidentals like the taxi fare to your hotel.
dollar (n.)[c] 元
the standard unit of money used in the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and other countries
- There are one hundred cents in a dollar.
- Pay top dollar. 付出很多錢。
- They paid top dollar to hire this renowned professor.
cent (n.)[c] 美分
a unit of money worth 0.01 of a dollar, or a coin with this value
- On the foreign exchanges the pound rose two cents against the dollar.
cash (n.)[u] 現金
money in the form of notes and coins, rather than cheques or credit cards
- Do you have any cash on you?
- Will you pay by credit card or in cash?
- You can pay by cash or cheque, it comes to the same thing.
- I’m a bit short of/strapped for cash (= I do not have much money) at the moment.
note (n.)[c] 紙幣
- This fifty-dollar note is a counterfeit（假的；偽造的）.
banknote (n.) 鈔票
- New Hong Kong banknotes will be issued in the third quarter.
coin
- (n.)[c] 硬幣
- a small, round piece of metal, usually silver or copper coloured, that is used as money
- I asked for £10 in 20p coins.
- (n.)[u] 硬幣(統稱)
- money in the form of metal coins
- He fished out a coin from his pocket.
- UKThe smaller 10 pence coin was introduced in 1992.
cheque / check (n.) 支票
change (n.) 零錢
- Just keep the change.
paper (n.) 這個是根據鈔票的材質而來
bands
指「很多錢」，饒舌歌手很喜歡用這個字。通常 10 張 $100 的紙鈔會用 rubber band (橡皮筋) 捲成一捲，故 bands 是 $10,000 (以上) 的紙鈔。
grand / g’s (grand)
指「1000 元」。1900 年初期，$1,000 被認為是很可觀的一筆錢 (a grand sum of money)，故 grand 的引申義源自於此。
備註：grand 作為錢的代稱，單複數都是 grand。
- This car cost me 15 grand!
bank
make bank = earn money 賺錢
Ever since Michael got a job at Facebook, he’s been making bank!
bill
- 用紙鈔借指 「100 元」。
- Hey man, you still owe me 5 bills!
- 帳單
- Please settle your bill before leaving the hotel.
bones 用「骨頭」借指「元」
- 50 bones = 50 dollars (50 元)。
- This skateboard only cost 40 bones! It was a great deal.
bucks用「雄鹿、公羊」借指「元」
- 50 bucks = 50 dollars (50元)。
- Can you believe a beer costs 12 bucks here? Insane!
bread
- breadwinner 養家餬口的人
- Peter and Harry are expected to be the breadwinners in this family since they are the oldest children.
bacon
- bring home the bacon 養家餬口
- I don’t want to live an idle life. It’s time for me to bring home the bacon.
cheese/cheddar 政府常常會發放起司作為救濟措施
- Gwen struggled for a long time, but now she’s making some serious cheddar.
dough
- He’s got a lot of dough.
guac 「錢」的意思，讓你出乎意料吧！因為紙鈔就跟酪梨醬 (guacamole) 一樣，外表是綠色的，所以就用此來代稱錢啦！
moola / moolah
- That must cost a lot of moola!
green 因為鈔票是綠色的，所以就用 green 代表「錢」。
greenbacks 和 green 的由來一樣，不過 greenbacks 只指「紙鈔」，one greenback 等於一張紙鈔。
deposit n.
- advance deposit 頭期款
- I’d like to deposit some money.
bank balance（n phr.）銀行帳戶餘額
- The company had cash and bank balances of HKD200 million with total shareholders 股東 equity standing at HKD391 million.
fund
- refundable adj. 可退款的
rate (n.) 價格，費用
Interest rates are running at record levels.
收入
pay
- pay off 還清、付清
- I don’t think I have enough in my account to pay off the phone bill this month.
- After 20 years of hard work, they finally paid off their mortgage.
wage 報酬/薪水(以日或鐘點計算)
- minimun wage就是最低時薪/工資
- We work day and night and still can’t make decent wages.
salary (n.)[c] 月薪/年薪
正職員工固定領的薪水，兩個人的薪水，是two salaries。
- She is on a salary of $ 50,000 a month.
income (n.) 收入
grant (n.) 助學金
schcolarship (n.) 獎學金
pension 養老金
- My grandpa’s pension arrives in the mail every month.
allowance 零用金
- Each of their children gets a weekly allowance of five dollars.
支出
cost
- Energy and raw material costs are skyrocketing.
expense (n.)
● current expenses日常開支
● travelling expenses旅費
● Is HKD8,000 enough for all your expenses?
fare n. 交通相關的費用
- The bus fare has gone up from HKD$5 to HKD$8.
Freight (n.) 運費；物流費；指海運、空運、陸運的費用
- Who will pay the freight on this order?
- Air freight and insurance will be paid by us.
charge (n.) 原價；要價
常用複數，主要用於一次性所收取的費用，如服務費（service charges）、行李超重費（Excess baggage charges）等。
- What are the charges in the restaurant?
fee (n.) 酬金/費用
- additional fee
- The school charges a small registration fee.
- The admission fee for this event is $10.
tuition (n.) 學費
compensate (v.) 補償
Postage（n.）郵費
How much postage do I need to send this package?
donation 捐獻
She made a donation of $ 100,000 to his church.
tax 稅金
He was accused of evading taxes. (逃稅)
fine 罰金
The driver had to pay a fine for speeding.
loan 貸款/借出
I’ll need three more years to pay off 償清 the rest of the loan.
debt 債/借款
He is trying very hard to pay off his gambling debts.
tip 小費
He gave the waitress a large tip – an extra $30.
其他
bribe 賄賂
- Three police officers were accused of taking bribes.
ransom 贖金
- The kidnappers綁匪 demanded a ransom of one million dollars.
alimony 贍養費
- David got tired of making alimony payments so he stopped paying.
- most alimony payments are determined by income, with the spouse who makes more money paying the spouse who makes less
其它關於錢的片語
set back
這個片語的意思是「花某人一筆錢」，用法為「set someone back + 金額」
- Getting the scooter fixed is going to set me back nearly a hundred dollars.
- How much did those jeans set you back?
chip in
這個片語的意思是「湊錢、出點錢」，通常表示每個人出一點錢，合資購買某個商品，
- Would you chip in a dollar for Mark’s birthday present?
- If everyone chips in as little as a dollar, we can put on a wonderful musical at school.
cut back
這個片語的意思是「減少、縮減」，通常用來表示減少開銷、支出等等
- The local government has cut back $50 million of funding.
- I am not earning as much as before, so we have to cut back on spending to make ends meet.
- make ends meet 收支平衡
put aside / away
這個片語的意思是「存（錢）」，通常表示為了某個目的而存錢
- She’s been putting aside some money every month for a trip to Chile.
- People should start early to put something away for their retirement.
Spend a penny 上小號
源自英國，他們以前的公共女廁是投幣式的，需要投一分錢後才能使用。因此就會用 “Spend a penny.”，比較委婉的表達需要上廁所。
- Excuse me, but I really need to spend a penny.
以上資料由作者整理，參考自Cambridge、engoo、etnet、天下雜誌及lingua franca。
TOEIC learning progress 5 學習心得
In this article we talked about a series of ways about how to describe money in English.
Onsportop Unstoppable 我們下次見~